The OECD.AI Policy Navigator

The Guide on Artificial Intelligence (AI) Governance and Ethics for Brunei Darussalam is a principles-based practical guide developed by the Authority for Info-communications Technology Industry of Brunei Darussalam (AITI) in collaboration with the AI Governance and Ethics Working Group. Intended for organisations that design, develop, deploy, and use AI technologies in Brunei Darussalam, it sets out seven guiding principles: transparency and explainability, data protection and data governance.

MERaLiON (Multimodal Empathetic Reasoning and Learning in One Network) is a large language model designed in Singapore and built for Southeast Asia. Launched in its upgraded version (v2) at the ATxSummit in May 2025, it expanded its language coverage to include Malay, Vietnamese, Thai, Tamil, Bahasa Indonesia, and Chinese dialects, aiming to reach approximately 450 million speakers across the region through empathetic, culturally aware, and context-sensitive AI interactions.

SOFIA (Automated Information Guidance and Facilitation Service) is a virtual assistant developed by Peru's tax and customs authority, SUNAT. It provides guidance on tax and customs matters through graphic content, direct links, personalised consultations, and video tutorials. Available 24 hours a day, seven days a week via the SUNAT portal, SOFIA supports taxpayers, both individuals and legal persons, with topics including tax obligation compliance, electronic audits, customs import procedures.

Peru's Adetop algorithm is an AI-powered tool developed for forest supervision, used by Osinfor (the Peruvian forest oversight body) to detect illegal logging across Peruvian territory. Using multispectral satellite imagery from the European Space Agency's Sentinel-2 and NASA's Landsat constellation, the algorithm identifies concentrated tree extraction. Between 2024 and June 2025, the system detected 42 cases of illegal logging, totalling 23,351 cubic metres of unauthorised timber extraction.

AI for Thai is a platform developed by the Artificial Intelligence Research Group at Thailand's National Center for Electronics and Computer Technology (NECTEC). It provides APIs across three modules, Language, Vision, and Conversation, covering natural language processing, image and video analysis, and speech and chatbot services, all tailored to the Thai language and context. It targets system developers, SME entrepreneurs, and start-ups, with a limited free testing tier available.

LANTA is Thailand's national supercomputer, operated by the NSTDA Supercomputer Centre (ThaiSC). Built on an HPE Cray EX system delivering 8.15 petaflops, it supports AI training, large-scale data analytics, and complex parallel processing for public and private legal entities. Applications include the development of ThaiLLM, a national Thai-language foundation model, healthcare AI platforms, and environmental forecasting tools.

Artificial Intelligence Governance for Indonesian Banking (Tata Kelola Kecerdasan Artifisial Perbankan Indonesia) is an initiative led by Indonesia’s Financial Services Authority to guide banks in developing and using artificial intelligence responsibly. It aims to manage risks, uphold ethics, and ensure prudential use of AI across its lifecycle, including governance structures, risk management, implementation guidance, and supervision and audit practices for the banking sector.

The National Supercomputer "DAEDALUS" is a Greek government initiative to build one of Europe's most powerful computing systems, with a total budget of €58.9 million. Implemented by GRNET SA under the Ministry of Digital Governance and co-funded by EuroHPC JU, it is expected to be operational in early 2026. With a power of 89 PetaFlops, DAEDALUS will serve as the computing core of the Greek AI Factory "Pharos".

The Enterprise Compute Initiative (ECI) is a Singapore government programme administered by Digital Industry Singapore (DISG), with up to SGD $150 million set aside at Budget 2025. Designed to support Singapore-based companies in advancing their AI transformation, the programme provides cloud credits and consultancy services through major cloud service providers, Google Cloud, Microsoft, AWS, and Oracle, to help companies develop a Minimum Viable Product and establish dedicated AI teams.

HumAIn is Saudi Arabia's national AI company, serving as the flagship platform for national AI infrastructure under the Vision 2030 strategy for economic diversification. The Saudi Public Investment Fund (PIF) has allocated more than $40 billion to AI-related ventures including HumAIn, focusing on the physical underpinnings of AI, energy, data centres, semiconductors, and connectivity, to position Saudi Arabia as a global compute hub for emerging markets across Africa and Asia.

The Jean Zay supercomputer extension is a French government initiative investing €40 million, via the France 2030 programme, to expand the computing capacity of the Jean Zay supercomputer, operated by CNRS at IDRIS in Orsay. The extension focuses on upgrading GPU architecture to meet growing AI research demands and is expected to make Jean Zay the largest AI-dedicated supercomputer in France.

The Budget Committee of the Bavarian State Parliament has approved an investment of € 270 million for the construction of a high-performance computing center at FAU. A new building for the IT infrastructure and a new office building are being constructed, with groundbreaking planned for 2026.

South Korea's Ministry of Science and ICT (MSIT) is investing approximately KRW 1.46 trillion (around USD 1.1 billion) to procure 13,000 high-performance GPUs, distributed across three cloud service providers — Naver Cloud, NHN Cloud, and Kakao. Announced in July 2025, the initiative aims to expand domestic AI computing infrastructure, reduce reliance on overseas resources, and support AI research, large-scale model training, and national AI initiatives.

Japan's Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI) has approved subsidies of up to 72.5 billion yen in total to five companies to improve computational resources for AI development, under the Economic Security Promotion Act. The initiative designates cloud programmes as specified critical products, aiming to strengthen domestic AI infrastructure, reduce reliance on foreign cloud providers, and ensure resilient generative AI service provision in Japan.

The Canadian Sovereign AI Compute Strategy is a federal initiative led by Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada, aimed at expanding access to domestic AI computing infrastructure. Announced in Budget 2024 with a CAD $2 billion commitment over five years from 2024–2025, it comprises three elements: mobilising private sector investment, building public supercomputing infrastructure, and an AI Compute Access Fund.

The AI Research Resource (AIRR) is a UK government initiative providing AI-specialised high-performance computing capacity to public researchers, academia, and small and medium-sized enterprises. Announced as part of the AI Opportunities Action Plan in January 2025, the government committed £1 billion to expand AIRR capacity by at least 20x by 2030. The programme operates through two compute clusters — Isambard-AI at the University of Bristol and Dawn at the University of Cambridge.

The Stargate Project is a US-based AI infrastructure initiative established by OpenAI, SoftBank, and Oracle, with an investment commitment of $500 billion over four years. Launched in January 2025, it aims to build large-scale AI data centres across the United States, beginning in Texas. The initiative targets nearly 7 gigawatts of planned capacity and over 25,000 on-site jobs.

The Public Consultation of the White Paper on the National Artificial Intelligence Roadmap and the Concept of Artificial Intelligence Ethical Guidelines is intended to receive responses and inputs from relevant stakeholders to enrich the material of the Artificial Intelligence Roadmap and the Concept of Artificial Intelligence Ethics Guidelines, so that a comprehensive and accurate study is produced to support Artificial Intelligence in Indonesia.

Indonesia’s National Artificial Intelligence Roadmap (Peta Jalan Kecerdasan Artifisial Nasional), led by the Ministry of Communication and Digital, sets implementation priorities for 2025–2029. It operationalises and aligns with the National AI Strategy (STRANAS KA) 2020–2045 to support Indonesia Emas 2045 by focusing on ethics and governance, talent development, infrastructure and data, research and innovation, investment, priority use cases, and monitoring and evaluation mechanisms.

Korea's Ministry of SMEs and Startups secured 264 B200 GPUs under the National AI Project to support SMEs and startups. Delivered free via NHN Cloud, two programmes are funded: a manufacturing project (64 GPUs) targeting production and quality control AI, and a startup incubator (200 GPUs) covering strategic AI development, industry-specific solutions, and early-stage founder support. Applications run April–May, support commences June 2025.